Dicas de Linux - Identificação da maquina
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Nesta página estão indicados alguns comandos úteis para a identificação de uma máquina e seu sistema operacional
Nome e características do SO
- cat /etc/*-release
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)" NAME="Debian GNU/Linux" VERSION_ID="9" VERSION="9 (stretch)" VERSION_CODENAME=stretch ID=debian HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/" SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support" BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
- lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Debian Description: Debian GNU/Linux 9.13 (stretch) Release: 9.13 Codename: stretch
- hostnamectl
Static hostname: sj-lin-des2-744926
Icon name: computer-desktop
Chassis: desktop
Machine ID: xxxxxxxxxxxx
Boot ID: xxxxxxxxxxxx
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)
Kernel: Linux 4.9.0-18-amd64
Architecture: x86-64
- uname -a
Linux <hostname> 4.9.0-18-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.9.303-1 (2022-03-07) x86_64 GNU/Linux
- inxi -S
apt install inxi inxi -S
System: Host: <hostname> Kernel: 4.9.0-18-amd64 x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: MATE 1.16.2
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)
Características da máquina
Resumo de várias características pode ser obtido com:
- inxi -F
apt install inxi inxi -F
System: Host: <hostname> Kernel: 4.9.0-18-amd64 x86_64 (64 bit)
Desktop: MATE 1.16.2 Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)
Machine: Device: desktop System: Dell product: OptiPlex 3020M v: 00
Mobo: Dell model: 0VRWRC v: A01 BIOS: Dell v: A14 date: 11/14/2018
CPU: Quad core Intel Core i5-4590T (-MCP-) cache: 6144 KB
clock speeds: max: 3000 MHz 1: 2027 MHz 2: 2000 MHz 3: 2200 MHz
4: 2335 MHz
Graphics: Card: Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller
Display Server: X.Org 1.19.2 drivers: modesetting (unloaded: fbdev,vesa)
Resolution: 1920x1080@60.00hz, 1920x1080@60.00hz
GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Desktop
GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 13.0.6
Audio: Card-1 Intel 8 Series/C220 Series High Definition Audio Controller
driver: snd_hda_intel
Card-2 Intel Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller
driver: snd_hda_intel
Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k4.9.0-18-amd64
Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
driver: r8169
IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full
mac: <mac_address>
Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (19.7% used)
ID-1: /dev/sda model: TOSHIBA_MQ01ABD1 size: 1000.2GB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 399G used: 184G (49%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda4
Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 50.0C mobo: 27.8C
Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Info: Processes: 228 Uptime: 2:47 Memory: 2340.4/15969.4MB
Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.3.5
- dmidecode -t 1
# dmidecode 3.0 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: Dell Inc. Product Name: OptiPlex 3020M Version: 00 Serial Number: xxxxx UUID: xxxxxxxx Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: xxxx Family: Not Specified
- sensors
acpitz-virtual-0 Adapter: Virtual device temp1: +27.8°C (crit = +80.0°C) temp2: +29.8°C (crit = +80.0°C) coretemp-isa-0000 Adapter: ISA adapter Physical id 0: +48.0°C (high = +69.0°C, crit = +75.0°C) Core 0: +48.0°C (high = +69.0°C, crit = +75.0°C) Core 1: +45.0°C (high = +69.0°C, crit = +75.0°C) Core 2: +47.0°C (high = +69.0°C, crit = +75.0°C) Core 3: +43.0°C (high = +69.0°C, crit = +75.0°C)
- lsmod
Module Size Used by fuse 98304 1 btrfs 1069056 0 xor 24576 1 btrfs raid6_pq 110592 1 btrfs ufs 73728 0 qnx4 16384 0 hfsplus 102400 0 hfs 57344 0 minix 40960 0 ntfs 102400 0 vfat 20480 0 msdos 20480 0 fat 69632 2 msdos,vfat jfs 176128 0 xfs 1228800 0 libcrc32c 16384 1 xfs dm_mod 118784 0 nls_utf8 16384 4 cifs 684032 5 sha256_ssse3 32768 0 cmac 16384 0 md4 16384 0 des_generic 24576 0 arc4 16384 0 dns_resolver 16384 1 cifs fscache 61440 1 cifs cpufreq_userspace 16384 0 cpufreq_powersave 16384 0 cpufreq_conservative 16384 0 intel_rapl 20480 0 dell_wmi 16384 0 sparse_keymap 16384 1 dell_wmi dell_smbios 16384 1 dell_wmi x86_pkg_temp_thermal 16384 0 intel_powerclamp 16384 0 iTCO_wdt 16384 0 iTCO_vendor_support 16384 1 iTCO_wdt coretemp 16384 0 evdev 24576 10 kvm_intel 200704 0 kvm 610304 1 kvm_intel snd_hda_codec_hdmi 49152 1 irqbypass 16384 1 kvm crct10dif_pclmul 16384 0 snd_hda_codec_realtek 90112 1 snd_hda_codec_generic 73728 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_intel 36864 4 crc32_pclmul 16384 0 snd_hda_codec 135168 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek dcdbas 16384 1 dell_smbios snd_hda_core 90112 5 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek ghash_clmulni_intel 16384 0 i915 1265664 14 drm_kms_helper 155648 1 i915 drm 360448 7 i915,drm_kms_helper snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec mei_me 36864 0 intel_cstate 16384 0 snd_pcm 110592 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core,snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_timer 32768 1 snd_pcm snd 86016 16 snd_hda_intel,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_codec,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_pcm wmi 16384 1 dell_wmi lpc_ich 24576 0 mfd_core 16384 1 lpc_ich intel_uncore 118784 0 intel_rapl_perf 16384 0 mei 102400 1 mei_me serio_raw 16384 0 shpchp 36864 0 sg 32768 0 soundcore 16384 1 snd i2c_algo_bit 16384 1 i915 video 40960 2 dell_wmi,i915 button 16384 1 i915 binfmt_misc 20480 1 squashfs 53248 5 loop 28672 10 sunrpc 344064 1 parport_pc 28672 0 ppdev 20480 0 lp 20480 0 parport 49152 3 lp,parport_pc,ppdev ip_tables 24576 0 x_tables 36864 1 ip_tables autofs4 40960 2 ext4 593920 1 crc16 16384 1 ext4 jbd2 110592 1 ext4 crc32c_generic 16384 0 fscrypto 28672 1 ext4 ecb 16384 0 mbcache 16384 2 ext4 hid_generic 16384 0 usbhid 53248 0 hid 122880 2 hid_generic,usbhid sd_mod 49152 2 crc32c_intel 24576 4 psmouse 135168 0 aesni_intel 167936 0 aes_x86_64 20480 1 aesni_intel ahci 40960 1 glue_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel xhci_pci 16384 0 lrw 16384 1 aesni_intel gf128mul 16384 1 lrw libahci 32768 1 ahci ablk_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel cryptd 24576 3 ablk_helper,ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel i2c_i801 24576 0 i2c_smbus 16384 1 i2c_i801 libata 249856 2 ahci,libahci ehci_pci 16384 0 ehci_hcd 81920 1 ehci_pci scsi_mod 225280 3 sd_mod,libata,sg xhci_hcd 192512 1 xhci_pci r8169 86016 0 mii 16384 1 r8169 usbcore 262144 5 usbhid,ehci_hcd,xhci_pci,xhci_hcd,ehci_pci usb_common 16384 1 usbcore fan 16384 0 thermal 20480 0
- modinfo
modinfo coretemp
filename: /lib/modules/4.9.0-18-amd64/kernel/drivers/hwmon/coretemp.ko license: GPL description: Intel Core temperature monitor author: Rudolf Marek <r.marek@assembler.cz> alias: cpu:type:x86,ven0000fam*mod*:feature:*01C0* depends: intree: Y vermagic: 4.9.0-18-amd64 SMP mod_unload modversions parm: tjmax:TjMax value in degrees Celsius (int)
Dispositivos conectados a maquina
- lsusb
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:8000 Intel Corp. Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:8008 Intel Corp. Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub Bus 003 Device 002: ID 046d:c05a Logitech, Inc. M90/M100 Optical Mouse Bus 003 Device 003: ID 413c:2107 Dell Computer Corp. Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
lsusb -vs 003:003 | grep iProduct iProduct 2 Dell USB Entry Keyboard
lsusb -vs 003:002 | grep iProduct iProduct 2 USB Optical Mouse
- lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06) 00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 04) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d4) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 04) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation C220 Series Chipset Family H81 Express LPC Controller (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 04) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c)
lspci -vs 02:00
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 0c) Subsystem: Dell RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 26 I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Memory at f7c00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 01 Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable- Count=4 Masked- Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 01-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00 Capabilities: [170] Latency Tolerance Reporting Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169
Use de memória em disco
- df (df -H)
Sist. Arq. Tam. Usado Disp. Uso% Montado em udev 8,4G 0 8,4G 0% /dev tmpfs 1,7G 13M 1,7G 1% /run /dev/sda4 428G 197G 213G 49% / tmpfs 8,4G 109M 8,3G 2% /dev/shm tmpfs 5,3M 4,1k 5,3M 1% /run/lock tmpfs 8,4G 0 8,4G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1,7G 29k 1,7G 1% /run/user/35092 ...
- fdisk -l
Disco /dev/sda: 931,5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 setores Unidades: setor de 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Tamanho de setor (lógico/físico): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes Tamanho E/S (mínimo/ótimo): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Tipo de rótulo do disco: dos Identificador do disco: xxxxx Dispositivo Inicializar Início Fim Setores Tamanho Id Tipo /dev/sda1 * 2048 1543167 1541120 752,5M 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 1543168 1092876799 1091333632 520,4G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 1092876800 1103313407 10436608 5G b FAT32 W95 /dev/sda4 1103313408 1953522687 850209280 405,4G 83 Linux ...